Parshas Vayakhel-Pekudei (HaChodesh) 5786
- Torah Tavlin
- 1 day ago
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מנחות דף סב. "קטורת- לא שכיחא ומעתרא"
The אימורים חזה ושוק of a שלמי יחיד needs תנופה. The Gemara says there seems to be a סתירה in פסוקים on how the חלב חזה ושוק were placed on the hand for the תנופה. In the מסקנא, אביי explains: 3 כהנים participated in the process. The first כהן brings the חלב חזה ושוק from the בית המטבחיים with the חלב on top of the חזה ושוק. He then turns it over and gives it to a 2nd כהן who does the תנופה. So now, during the תנופה the חלב is on the bottom. Afterwards, he gives it to a 3rd כהן while turning it over again, so now the חלב is on the top again. The Gemara says the פסוקים are teaching us that 3 כהנים are used for this process because of ברוב עם הדרת מלך.
The [כלל סח] חיי אדם brings the following 2 Gemaras: The Mishna [ר"ה לב:] says: on ר"ה we blow the תקיעות דמעומד by מוסף (השני מתקיע), but when הלל is said (פסח, סוכות, שבועות) it is recited by שחרית (הראשון מקרא). The Gemara asks: If תקיעת שופר is done by מוסף because that’s when there are more people in attendance, thus we fulfill ברוב עם, then why do we recite הלל by שחרית and not wait until מוסף for the same reason? The Gemara says that תקיעת שופר should also be done by שחרית because זריזין מקדימין supersedes ברוב עם but because of a גזירה it is done by מוסף. The Gemara [פסחים סד:] says regarding the קרבן פסח that a כהן must do the קבלת הדם and he would pass the כלי to another כהן and he to another, like an assembly line, till the last כהן who received the כלי שרת with the דם would be near the מזבח and he would do the זריקה. The Gemara explains the reason for this was to involve as many כהנים as possible to fulfill ברוב עם הדרת מלך.
The חיי אדם says [ס"ק ו'] from the Gemara in ר"ה that says that הלל is recited by שחרית we see clearly a general rule that זריזין overrides the din of ברוב עם. Therefore, one should try to daven מעריב as soon as possible after צאת הכוכבים even if a later מנין will be larger. Also, [ס"ק יא'] from the Gemara regarding קרבן פסח we see that one should try to perform a מצוה with a חבורה whenever and wherever possible. From our Gemara of תנופה where three כהנים are used, we see that three people is enough to be considered a geder of ברוב עם.
The [או"ח תכ"ו] שו"ע says: "אין מברכין על הירח אלא במוצ"ש כשהוא מבושם ובגדים נאים". The רמ"א says we wait for מוצ"ש only if it is before 10 days into the month; otherwise we don’t wait. The ביאור הלכה says מדינא it is מותר to be מקדש הלבנה ביחידות and certainly a מנין is not מעכב but לכתחילה we try to be מקיים ברוב עם. If one will have a מנין later on, he should try to wait, as long as it is within the 10 days. (וצ"ע, as this seems to say that ברוב עם is more important than זריזין מקדימין which is not like the Gemara in ר"ה) Furthermore, based on the חיי אדם, if one has 3 people now, he need not wait for a later date to have ten.