Parshas Tzav (Shabbos HaGadol) 5786
- Torah Tavlin
- 4 days ago
- 3 min read
מנחות דף עב: "אין חולקין מנחות כנגד זבחים"
The Braisa states: A כהן may not say to his fellow כהן, you take my חלק in this קרבן מנחה and in return, I’ll take your חלק that you’re entitled to from a קרבן. Rather, each כהן of the בית אב gets a portion from each קרבן that is brought. The אבני נזר brings the [קידושין נב: סוף תוס' ד"ה המקדש] תוס' ישנים that says: a כהן may sell his portion to another כהן. Based on this, our דין that they may not exchange portions must be a גזה"כ, because if it’s אסור because it’s ממון גבוה, why may one כהן sell to another? Meforshim discuss, if one may sell a mitzvah or שכר that he has. The [יו"ד ס' כח' אות לז'] פרי מגדים says one should not sell the opportunity to do a מצוה, to someone else.
The [ב"ק דף לב: בדפי הרי"ף אות ג'] שלטי הגבורים discusses the ענין of עשרה זהובים that one must pay if he “chaps” a מצוה away from his friend. He concludes that שיטת הרמב"ם is that this payment is a דין and not a קנס. Therefore, he says, one may sell his מצוה as there is a price on it. However, he adds, this may only be done on a מצוה שעתיד לעשות, but if the מצוה was already fulfilled, selling it to another cannot be done.
The [משיב דבר ח"ג, יד'] נצי"ב was asked: someone went to a חשוב person and purchased his זכותים from him. He subsequently found out the seller is not so חשוב and doesn’t have many זכותים to his name, so he went to the נצי"ב to see if he is entitled to his money back. The נצי"ב says, selling שכר רוחני is not right, as we see the תורה says עשו was מבזה הבכורה because he sold it. However, this should not be confused with selling partial שכר of one’s תלמוד תורה. This may be done if it is to give one the financial freedom to learn even more Torah. As it says, יפה שעה אחת (בתורה) בתשובה ומעש"ט בעוה"ז יותר מכל חיי עוה"ב. But to sell one’s עונג רוחני just so he can have more עונג גשמי should not be done. This is probably the source of the famous song sung in Yeshivos around the world - "עוה"ב איז א גוטע זאך לערנען תורה איז א בעסער זאך".
The נציב further klers, selling שכר ת"ת won’t work because the שכר of ת"ת is entry into the ישיבה של מעלה and if one just buys it, he won’t be permitted in, as it’s a בזיון for איש שאינו הגון to be there. But maybe, selling שכר מצוה which is a עונג רוחני that is a equal מעלה to everybody, might be permissible. He also discusses that the קנין being made on this transaction is on a דבר שלא בא לעולם which itself is problematic. ע"ש. [דעת תורה בראשית] ר' ירוחם ליבוביץ says he met Rav Naftali Amsterdam zt”l and he said one may sell a portion of his עוה"ב to his friend and is actually doing him a favor, because since עוה"ב is עד אין קץ ועד אין תכלית, it is never diminished, so the seller isn’t losing anything. The Rema says [יו"ד רמ"ו, א'] says: a יששכר זבולון deal may be done and the שכר split, but only on future ת"ת. Any previously learned תורה may not be sold.